序号为课件内每章节序号
4.
| 缩写 | En | More |
|---|---|---|
| Forwarding | move pkt from router’s input to appropriate router output | |
| Routing | determine route taken by pkt from source to destination | |
| IPv4 address | 32-bit = 4 bytes | |
| Data Plane | local, per-router function; forwarding function | |
| Control Plane | network-wide logic; routing function; two ways: traditional routing algorithm, SDN | |
| Input Interface | decentralized switching: using header value to find forwarding output link in memory | |
| longest prefix matching | ||
| switching fabrics | Memory; Bus; Crossbar | |
| Input Interface Queueing | queueing delay and loss; Header-of-the-Line Block (HOL) | |
| Output Interface | Buffering and scheduling discipline | |
| Output Interface Queueing | Queueing delay and loss | |
| IP Datagram(IPv4) | 20 bytes; flags, fragment offset(= datagram’ payload / 8), header checksum, TTL, src IP addr, dest IP addr, len, head len, type of service, 16-bit indentifier, option | |
| Subnet | 平均分 | |
| VLSM | variable length subnet mask | 从大的子网入手 |
| DHCP | Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol | Client: (Broadcast) DHCP discover; DHCP Server: (Broadcast) DHCP offer; Client: (Broadcast) DHCP request; DHCP Server: (Broadcast) DHCP ACK(with IP) |
| NAT | Network Address translation | local network look be one by outter network; 四个地址都要(IP, Port, src, dest) |
| IPv6 header | Fixed 40 bytes; priority, flow label, next header, payload len, src addr, dest addr; 与IPv4的区别：移除了checksum，不能segment；添加了option | |
| IPv6 address | 128-bit | |
| Tunning | IPv6 datagram carried as payload in IPv4 datagram among IPv4 routers | |
| SDN | Software Defined Networking | Programmable, use any field of pkt header to forwarding |
| OpenFlow | match-action; 对于Router, Switch, Firewall, NAT有不同的 | |
| Control Plane | ||
| Link-State routing algorithm | Dijkstra’s algorithm | |
| Distance vector routing algorithm | changes DV table when local link cost change or DV update message from neighbor; notifies neighbors only when its DV changes | |
| AS | autonomous system (domain) | 一小块一小块的网络 |
| IGP | Interior Gateway Protocol | Intra-AS routing, AS内部的。 |
| OSPF | Open Shortest Path First | 使用link-state algorithm，向AS内全部router发送OSPF的链路状态 |
| IS-IS routing | almost same as OSPF | |
| BGP | Border Gateway Protocol | AS与AS之间的，包含eBGP与iBGP，AS之间走eBGP，AS内部走iBGP |
| eBGP | external BGP | 连接不同AS之间的router |
| iBGP | internal BGP | AS之间的Router的 |
| SDN control plane | ||
| OpenFlow Protocol | ||
| OpenFlow vs. Traditional routing | ||
| ICMP | Internet Control Message Protocol | Traceroute。发送端使用UDP发送一个不能到达的接口数字，超时后会被router丢弃然后返回一个包含有router名字以及IP地址的ICMP超时信息。当ICMP返回时，计算并记录RTT。UDP到达终点host时，会返回带有port unreachable的ICMP信息，代表结束。 |
